Dockerfile镜像优化_dockerfile镜像过大make /dev/null

无优化构建镜像

FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make
ADD nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz /opt/nginx
WORKDIR /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
RUN sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
RUN make
RUN make install
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]
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优化一：不需要输出的指令丢入/dev/null

FROM centos:7
RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && yum clean all
ADD nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz /opt/nginx
WORKDIR /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
RUN sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc
RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null
RUN make &> /dev/null
RUN make install &> /dev/null
RUN rm -rf /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx""-g","daemon off;"]
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优化二：减少RUN构建

可以使用&&连接，减少使用RUN的次数

FROM centos:7
ADD nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz /opt/nginx
WORKDIR /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
 yum clean all && \
 sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc && \
 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
 make &> /dev/null && make install &> /dev/null &&\
 rm -rf /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

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优化三：多阶段构建

使用FROM命令生成多个镜像，将指定的镜像做为其他镜像的基础镜像环境来构建

FROM centos:7 as build 
ADD nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz /opt/nginx 
WORKDIR /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2
RUN yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel devel zlib-devel make &> /dev/null && \
yum clean all &&\
sed -i 's/CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"/g' auto/cc/gcc && \
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx &> /dev/null && \
make &>/dev/null && \
make install &>/dev/null && \
rm -rf /opt/nginx/nginx-1.20.2 

FROM centos:7
EXPOSE 80
VOLUME ["/usr/local/nginx/html"]
COPY --from=build /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
CMD ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;"]

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优化四：使用更为轻量级的linux发行版本

debian
alpine
apt add