springboot的JPA在Mysql8新增记录失败的问题_jpa insert如何抛出异常

springboot版本是1.3.0.M1，连接的mysql版本为8，用spring-boot-starter-data-jpa操作数据库，新增记录时应用抛出以下异常：

2018-02-21 12:52:59.471 DEBUG 6408 --- [nio-9090-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Could not complete request

org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: could not execute statement; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not execute statement
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:310)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:221)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:417)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:59)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:213)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:147)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:121)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:207)
	at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy74.save(Unknown Source)
	at com.business.backend.dao.impl.BaseStockDaoImpl.save(BaseStockDaoImpl.java:24)
	at com.business.backend.controller.BaseStockController.savePost(BaseStockController.java:78)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:221)
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:137)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:111)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:799)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:728)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:959)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:893)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:969)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:871)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:648)
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:845)
	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:291)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:85)
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:239)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:219)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:142)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:518)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1091)
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:668)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1521)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1478)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: could not execute statement
	at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:54)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:126)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:112)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:211)
	at org.hibernate.id.IdentityGenerator$GetGeneratedKeysDelegate.executeAndExtract(IdentityGenerator.java:96)
	at org.hibernate.id.insert.AbstractReturningDelegate.performInsert(AbstractReturningDelegate.java:58)
	at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3032)
	at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3558)
	at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityIdentityInsertAction.execute(EntityIdentityInsertAction.java:98)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:492)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addResolvedEntityInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:197)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addInsertAction(ActionQueue.java:181)
	at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.addAction(ActionQueue.java:216)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.addInsertAction(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:334)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:289)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:195)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:126)
	at org.hibernate.jpa.event.internal.core.JpaPersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(JpaPersistEventListener.java:84)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:206)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:149)
	at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:75)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:811)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:784)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:789)
	at org.hibernate.jpa.spi.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1181)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:344)
	at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy64.persist(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:291)
	at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy64.persist(Unknown Source)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:439)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:452)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:437)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:409)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:61)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:99)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:281)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:96)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:136)
	... 54 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Could not retrieve transation read-only status server
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:998)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:937)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:926)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:872)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:904)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:894)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.isReadOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:3613)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.isReadOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:3582)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2111)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2081)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2066)
	at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:208)
	... 103 common frames omitted
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Unknown system variable 'tx_read_only'
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:998)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3835)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3771)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2435)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2582)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2531)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2489)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeQuery(StatementImpl.java:1446)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.isReadOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:3607)
	... 108 common frames omitted
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这一句是关键信息：Unknown system variable ‘tx_read_only’，应该是mysql-connector-java的jar包的版本和数据库不匹配导致的；

当前的springboot项目是个maven工程，打开pom.xml文件看一下mysql-connector-java库的依赖：

<dependency>
	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
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如上所示，pom.xml中没有指定mysql-connector-java库的版本，我们只能用mvn命令查看默认版本是多少了，在pom.xml所在目录下执行以下命令，查看所有jar包的版本信息：

mvn dependency:tree
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在输出的信息中看到了mysql-connector-java的版本是5.1.35，如下：

[INFO] +- mysql:mysql-connector-java:jar:5.1.35:compile
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5.1.35版本偏高了，我们还是在pom.xml中指定一个低版本吧，修改mysql-connector-java库的依赖配置如下：

<dependency>
	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
	<version>5.1.15</version>
</dependency>
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如果您用的IDE是IntelliJ IDEA，修改上面的配置可能不会立即生效，请在pom.xml文件上点右键，选"Maven"->“Reimport”，如下图：

再次启动springboot应用并新增记录到mysql，这次一切顺利了；

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