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Android 启动service(Kotlin)

作者：小丑西瓜9 | 2024-03-16 23:28:51

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Android 启动service(Kotlin)

一、使用startForegroundService()或startService（）启用service

**Activity

  1.  //启动service
  2. val intent: Intent = Intent(ServiceActivity@this,MyService::class.java)
  3. //Build.VERSION_CODES.O = 26
  4. // Android8以后，不允许后台启动Service
  5. if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26){
  6.     startForegroundService(intent)
  7.  }else{
  8.     startService(intent)
  9.  }

 **Service

  1. package com.example.buju.service
  2.  
  3.  
  4. import android.app.NotificationChannel
  5. import android.app.NotificationManager
  6. import android.app.Service
  7. import android.content.Context
  8. import android.content.Intent
  9. import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
  10. import android.os.Build
  11. import android.os.IBinder
  12. import android.util.Log
  13. import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
  14.  
  15. class MyService:Service() {
  16.  
  17.     override fun onCreate() {
  18.         super.onCreate()
  19.         Log.e("MyService","onCreate")
  20.  
  21.         initNotification()
  22.     }
  23.  
  24.      // 初始化通知（安卓8.0之后必须实现）
  25.     private fun initNotification() {
  26.  
  27.         val channelName = "channelName"
  28.         val channelId = "channelId"
  29.         if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
  30.             // 发送通知，把service置于前台
  31.             val notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
  32.             // 从Android 8.0开始，需要注册通知通道
  33.             if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
  34.                 val channel = NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)
  35.                 notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
  36.             }
  37.  
  38.             // 页面跳转
  39.             val intent = Intent(applicationContext,ServiceActivity::class.java)
  40.             val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent,
  41.                 PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT)
  42.  
  43.             // 创建通知并配置相应属性
  44.             val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId)
  45.                 .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.star_off)//小图标一定需要设置,否则会报错(如果不设置它启动服务前台化不会报错,但是你会发现这个通知不会启动),如果是普通通知,不设置必然报错
  46.                 .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), android.R.drawable.star_on))
  47.                 .setContentTitle("通知标题")// 标题
  48.                 .setContentText("通知内容")// 内容
  49.                 .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
  50.                 .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)// 设置跳转
  51.                 .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
  52.                 .setAutoCancel(false)
  53.                 .setOngoing(true)
  54.                 .build()
  55.             // 注意第一个参数不能为0
  56.             startForeground(1, notification)
  57.  
  58.  
  59.         }
  60.     }
  61.  
  62.  
  63.     override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? {
  64.         Log.e("MyService","onBind")
  65.         return null
  66.     }
  67.  
  68.  
  69.     override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
  70.         Log.e("MyService","onStartCommand")
  71.         return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
  72.  
  73.     }
  74.  
  75.     override fun onUnbind(intent: Intent?): Boolean {
  76.         Log.e("MyService","onUnbind")
  77.         return super.onUnbind(intent)
  78.     }
  79.  
  80.     override fun onDestroy() {
  81.         super.onDestroy()
  82.         Log.e("MyService","onDestroy")
  83.         //停止的时候销毁前台服务。
  84.         stopForeground(true);
  85.  
  86.     }
  87.  
  88. }

注意该方法不会调用onBind（）和onUnbind（）

二、绑定启用service

**Activity

  1. package com.example.buju
  2.  
  3. import android.content.ComponentName
  4. import android.content.Context
  5. import android.content.Intent
  6. import android.content.ServiceConnection
  7. import android.os.Bundle
  8. import android.os.IBinder
  9. import android.util.Log
  10. import android.view.View
  11. import android.widget.Button
  12. import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
  13. import com.example.buju.service.MyService
  14.  
  15. class ServiceActivity:AppCompatActivity() {
  16.     private var myBinder:MyService.MyBinder? = null
  17.     lateinit var startBtn:Button
  18.     lateinit var stopBtn:Button
  19.     lateinit var getBtn:Button
  20.  
  21.     override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
  22.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
  23.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_service)
  24.  
  25.         initControls()
  26.  
  27.     }
  28.  
  29.     /**
  30.      * 控件初始化
  31.      * */
  32.     private fun initControls(){
  33.  
  34.         startBtn = findViewById(R.id.startBtn)
  35.         startBtn.setOnClickListener(btnClick)
  36.  
  37.         stopBtn = findViewById(R.id.stopBtn)
  38.         stopBtn.setOnClickListener(btnClick)
  39.  
  40.         getBtn = findViewById(R.id.getBtn)
  41.         getBtn.setOnClickListener(btnClick)
  42.  
  43.     }
  44.  
  45.     /**
  46.      * service 连接
  47.      * */
  48.     private val connection = object:ServiceConnection{
  49.         //Activity与Service连接成功时回调该方法
  50.         override fun onServiceConnected(name: ComponentName?, service: IBinder?) {
  51.             Log.e("MyService","---------Service 成功连接----------")
  52.             myBinder = service as MyService.MyBinder
  53.         }
  54.         // Activity与Service断开连接时回调该方法
  55.         override fun onServiceDisconnected(name: ComponentName?) {
  56.             Log.e("MyService","---------Service 断开连接----------")
  57.         }
  58.     }
  59.  
  60.     /**
  61.      * 点击事件
  62.      * */
  63.    val btnClick:(View)->Unit = {
  64.        when(it.id) {
  65.            R.id.startBtn -> {
  66.                // 绑定service
  67.                val intent: Intent = Intent(ServiceActivity@this,MyService::class.java)
  68.                bindService(intent,connection,Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
  69.  
  70.  
  71.            }
  72.            R.id.stopBtn ->{
  73.                // 解除绑定
  74.                unbindService(connection)
  75.            }
  76.            R.id.getBtn ->{
  77.                // 获取service传递过来的数据
  78.                Log.e("MyService","getCount=${myBinder?.getCount()}")
  79.            }
  80.            else ->{
  81.  
  82.            }
  83.  
  84.        }
  85.  
  86.    }
  87.  
  88.  
  89.  
  90.     override fun finish() {
  91.         super.finish()
  92.         overridePendingTransition(R.anim.slide_no,R.anim.slide_out_from_bottom)
  93.     }
  94.  
  95.     override fun onDestroy() {
  96.         super.onDestroy()
  97.  
  98.         // 解除绑定
  99.         unbindService(connection)
  100.     }
  101.  
  102. }

**Service

  1. package com.example.buju.service
  2.  
  3.  
  4. import android.app.NotificationChannel
  5. import android.app.NotificationManager
  6. import android.app.Service
  7. import android.content.Context
  8. import android.content.Intent
  9. import android.graphics.BitmapFactory
  10. import android.os.Binder
  11. import android.os.Build
  12. import android.os.IBinder
  13. import android.util.Log
  14. import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
  15.  
  16. class MyService:Service() {
  17.     /**
  18.      * 用于传递参数
  19.      * */
  20.     private var count:Int = 0
  21.  
  22.     private var myBinder:MyBinder = MyBinder()
  23.  
  24.     inner class MyBinder: Binder(){
  25.         fun getCount():Int?{
  26.             return count
  27.         }
  28.     }
  29.  
  30.     override fun onCreate() {
  31.         super.onCreate()
  32.         Log.e("MyService","onCreate")
  33.  
  34.         Thread(Runnable {
  35.             Thread.sleep(1000)
  36.             count=100
  37.         }).start()
  38.  
  39.         initNotification()
  40.     }
  41.  
  42.     // 初始化通知（安卓8.0之后必须实现）
  43.     private fun initNotification() {
  44.         val channelName = "channelName"
  45.         val channelId = "channelId"
  46.         if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
  47.             // 发送通知，把service置于前台
  48.             val notificationManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
  49.             // 从Android 8.0开始，需要注册通知通道
  50.             if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
  51.                 val channel = NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)
  52.                 notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
  53.             }
  54.             val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId)
  55.                 .setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.star_off)//小图标一定需要设置,否则会报错(如果不设置它启动服务前台化不会报错,但是你会发现这个通知不会启动),如果是普通通知,不设置必然报错
  56.                 .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), android.R.drawable.star_on))
  57.                 .setContentTitle("通知标题")// 标题
  58.                 .setContentText("通知内容")// 内容
  59.                 .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
  60.                 .setAutoCancel(false)
  61.                 .setOngoing(true)
  62.                 .build()
  63.  
  64.             // 注意第一个参数不能为0
  65.             startForeground(1, notification)
  66.  
  67.         }
  68.     }
  69.  
  70.  
  71.  
  72.     override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? {
  73.         Log.e("MyService","onBind")
  74.         return myBinder
  75.     }
  76.  
  77.  
  78.     override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
  79.         Log.e("MyService","onStartCommand")
  80.         return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
  81.  
  82.     }
  83.  
  84.     override fun onUnbind(intent: Intent?): Boolean {
  85.         Log.e("MyService","onUnbind")
  86.         return super.onUnbind(intent)
  87.     }
  88.  
  89.     override fun onDestroy() {
  90.         super.onDestroy()
  91.         Log.e("MyService","onDestroy")
  92.         //停止的时候销毁前台服务。
  93.         stopForeground(true);
  94.  
  95.     }
  96.  
  97. }

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