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SpringBoot整合Spring Cache实现Redis缓存_springboot cache redis

作者：天景科技苑 | 2024-06-22 02:21:15

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springboot cache redis

1. Spring Cache 简介

Spring Cache是Spring框架提供的一种缓存抽象，它简化了缓存的使用，并通过注解的方式让开发者能够轻松地为方法或类添加缓存功能。从Spring 3.1版本开始，Spring Cache提供了对缓存的支持。

Spring Cache不是一个具体的缓存实现方案，而是一个对缓存使用的抽象。这意味着开发者可以在不改变既有代码逻辑的情况下，通过添加少量的注解来实现缓存功能。Spring Cache支持多种主流的缓存解决方案，如EhCache、OSCache等，同时也提供了开箱即用的缓存临时存储方案。

Spring Cache的主要功能包括：

  1. 缓存注解：Spring Cache提供了一系列注解，如@Cacheable、@CachePut和@CacheEvict等，用于标记需要缓存的方法或类。这些注解可以方便地控制缓存的行为，如缓存的存储、更新和移除等。
  2. 缓存管理器：Spring Cache通过CacheManager接口来管理缓存。开发者可以根据需要自定义CacheManager，或者使用Spring Cache提供的默认实现。
  3. 缓存策略：Spring Cache支持多种缓存策略，如基于方法的返回值、基于方法的参数等。同时，开发者还可以使用SpEL（Spring Expression Language）来定义缓存的key和各种条件。

总之，Spring Cache是一个强大而灵活的缓存抽象，它可以帮助开发者轻松地实现高性能的缓存功能，提高应用程序的性能和响应速度。

2.加入依赖

  1. <!--redis-->
  2.        <dependency>
  3.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  4.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
  5.         </dependency>
  6.         <!--Spring Cache-->
  7.         <dependency>
  8.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  9.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cache</artifactId>
  10.         </dependency>

3.设置application.properties

  1. #毫秒为单位
  2. spring.cache.type=redis
  3. spring.cache.redis.time-to-live=3600000
  4. #如果指定了前缀就用我们指定的前缀，如果没有就默认使用缓存的名字作为前缀
  5. spring.cache.redis.key-prefix=CACHE_
  6. spring.cache.redis.use-key-prefix=true
  7. #是否缓存空值。防止缓存穿透
  8. spring.cache.redis.cache-null-values=true

 4.自定义缓存配置类，将redis缓存数据的格式修改为JSON格式，使用 @EnableCaching 注解来开启缓存支持

  1. package com.company.project.configurer;
  2.  
  3. import com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer;
  4. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties;
  5. import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
  6. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  7. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  8. import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
  9. import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
  10. import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
  11.  
  12. @Configuration
  13. @EnableCaching
  14. public class MyCacheConfig{
  15.  @Bean
  16.  RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration(CacheProperties cacheProperties){
  17.   RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();
  18. //  config =config.entryTtl();
  19.   config = config.serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()));
  20.   config =  config.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext .SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer()));
  21.           CacheProperties.Redis redisProperties = cacheProperties.getRedis();//将配,置文件中的所有配置都生效
  22.   if (redisProperties.getTimeToLive() != null) {
  23.    config = config.entryTtl(redisProperties.getTimeToLive());
  24.   }
  25.   if (redisProperties.getKeyPrefix() != null) {
  26.    config = config.prefixCacheNameWith(redisProperties.getKeyPrefix());
  27.   }
  28.   if (!redisProperties.isCacheNullValues()) {
  29.    config = config.disableCachingNullValues();
  30.   }
  31.   if (!redisProperties.isUseKeyPrefix()) {
  32.    config = config.disableKeyPrefix();
  33.   }
  34.   return config;
  35. }
  36. }

 5.在需要缓存的方法上使用 Spring Cache 的注解，如 @Cacheable、@CachePut 和 @CacheEvict。

6.测试：查看效果

7.出现的异常，不加缓存配置类时，也就是使用默认的缓存配置类，这是对应的返回值要实现Serializable。

从错误日志中，我们可以看到问题出在尝试从Redis中反序列化数据时。具体地说，问题出现在尝试将存储的值（在这种情况下是200）解析为com.company.project.core.ResultCode枚举类型时。Fastjson库抛出了一个JSONException，说明它无法将值"200"解析为该枚举类型。

ResultCode枚举类型可能定义了一些特定的枚举值，而"200"可能不是这些值中的一个。这通常是因为枚举值和存储的值不匹配导致的。

  1. 2024-02-29 09:15:44.865 ERROR 16264 --- [io-15510-exec-1] c.c.project.configurer.WebMvcConfigurer  : 接口 [/record/list] 出现异常，方法：com.company.project.web.RecordController$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6c0c2d4.list，异常摘要：Could not deserialize: parse enum com.company.project.core.ResultCode error, value : 200; nested exception is com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException: parse enum com.company.project.core.ResultCode error, value : 200
  2.  
  3. org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.SerializationException: Could not deserialize: parse enum com.company.project.core.ResultCode error, value : 200; nested exception is com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException: parse enum com.company.project.core.ResultCode error, value : 200
  4. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer.deserialize(GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer.java:37)
  5. 	at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.DefaultRedisElementReader.read(DefaultRedisElementReader.java:48)
  6. 	at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext$SerializationPair.read(RedisSerializationContext.java:272)
  7. 	at org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCache.deserializeCacheValue(RedisCache.java:260)
  8. 	at org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCache.lookup(RedisCache.java:94)
  9. 	at org.springframework.cache.support.AbstractValueAdaptingCache.get(AbstractValueAdaptingCache.java:58)
  10. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.AbstractCacheInvoker.doGet(AbstractCacheInvoker.java:73)
  11. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheAspectSupport.findInCaches(CacheAspectSupport.java:571)
  12. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheAspectSupport.findCachedItem(CacheAspectSupport.java:536)
  13. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheAspectSupport.execute(CacheAspectSupport.java:402)
  14. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheAspectSupport.execute(CacheAspectSupport.java:346)
  15. 	at org.springframework.cache.interceptor.CacheInterceptor.invoke(CacheInterceptor.java:61)
  16. 	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
  17. 	at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.proceed(CglibAopProxy.java:749)
  18. 	at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:691)
  19. 	at com.company.project.web.RecordController$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$6c0c2d4.list(<generated>)
  20. 	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
  21. 	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
  22. 	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
  23. 	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
  24. 	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:190)
  25. 	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:138)
  26. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:105)
  27. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:878)
  28. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:792)
  29. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87)
  30. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1040)
  31. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:943)
  32. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006)
  33. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:909)
  34. 	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:652)
  35. 	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883)
  36. 	at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:733)
  37. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231)
  38. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
  39. 	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53)
  40. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
  41. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
  42. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100)
  43. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
  44. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
  45. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
  46. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93)
  47. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
  48. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
  49. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
  50. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201)
  51. 	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:119)
  52. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193)
  53. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166)
  54. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:202)
  55. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97)
  56. 	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:541)
  57. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:143)
  58. 	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
  59. 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78)
  60. 	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
  61. 	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374)
  62. 	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
  63. 	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:868)
  64. 	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1590)
  65. 	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
  66. 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
  67. 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
  68. 	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
  69. 	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
  70. Caused by: com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException: parse enum com.company.project.core.ResultCode error, value : 200
  71. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.EnumDeserializer.deserialze(EnumDeserializer.java:125)
  72. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.DefaultFieldDeserializer.parseField(DefaultFieldDeserializer.java:85)
  73. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.JavaBeanDeserializer.parseField(JavaBeanDeserializer.java:1251)
  74. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.JavaBeanDeserializer.deserialze(JavaBeanDeserializer.java:866)
  75. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.JavaBeanDeserializer.deserialze(JavaBeanDeserializer.java:288)
  76. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.JavaBeanDeserializer.deserialze(JavaBeanDeserializer.java:284)
  77. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.DefaultJSONParser.parseObject(DefaultJSONParser.java:395)
  78. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.DefaultJSONParser.parse(DefaultJSONParser.java:1401)
  79. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.deserializer.JavaObjectDeserializer.deserialze(JavaObjectDeserializer.java:46)
  80. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.DefaultJSONParser.parseObject(DefaultJSONParser.java:688)
  81. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON.parseObject(JSON.java:396)
  82. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON.parseObject(JSON.java:359)
  83. 	at com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer.deserialize(GenericFastJsonRedisSerializer.java:35)
  84. 	... 65 common frames omitted
  85.

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