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Docker的学习（二）----------日志、元数据、进程的查看_容器exit code127

作者：一键难忘520 | 2024-08-22 12:05:43

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容器exit code127

日志、元数据、进程的查看

参考视频

后台启动容器

  • docker run -d centos
  • 返回值是容器的id
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker run -d centos
8fb33a26c76fdfe0be63d1eaecb1c1b21716fe503ad49116e37df4bab74ab1b0

[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
8fb33a26c76f   centos    "/bin/bash"   39 seconds ago   Exited (0) 37 seconds ago             musing_agnesi
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker ps 
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES


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撤离docker ps 查看不到进程，是因为需要有前台进程，不然启动后由于发现没有前台应用就会自动关闭。容器启动后发现自己没有提供服务，由于没有任何服务，就会认为程序执行完了，就会自动关闭。

查看日志命令

  • docker logs
  • -f、-t
  • docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo dongmu;sleep 1;done"编写脚本运行容器
    在这里插入图片描述
    docker logs -tf --tail 10 c6363b622b9f：查看日志
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker logs -tf --tail 10 c6363b622b9f
2022-04-13T02:19:27.757500308Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:28.788297083Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:29.761281500Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:30.763070630Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:31.764947313Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:32.766749911Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:33.768609776Z dongmu
2022-04-13T02:19:34.770458556Z dongm

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查看容器中的进程信息

  • docker top 容器id
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker top c6363b622b9f
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                191416              191395              0                   10:18               ?                   00:00:00            /bin/sh -c while true;do echo dongmu;sleep 1;done
root                192099              191416              0                   10:23               ?                   00:00:00            /usr/bin/coreutils --coreutils-prog-shebang=sleep /usr/bin/sleep 1

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  • docker inspect：查看容器的所有信息
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker inspect c6363b622b9f
[
    {
        "Id": "c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9",
        //可以看到原来的我们使用的id只是这个id的缩写
        "Created": "2022-04-13T02:18:26.113236965Z",
        //控制台
        "Path": "/bin/sh",
        //参数
        "Args": [
            "-c",
            "while true;do echo dongmu;sleep 1;done"
        ],
        //状态
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",//正在运行
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 191416,父进程的id
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2022-04-13T02:18:26.525833663Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9/c6363b622b9f6cdf7918b3f83b2f13762bcd9b71d8115f362cd039b8459c14d9-json.log",
        "Name": "/brave_cannon",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81ceae02c94a264049c796b891c3a0dd78b3764061d583e2b91e8b098a027606-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0631f7dd74fe312fe241927c4e4a38b609732bfa756ccb0c6f89301c8bb8e7d0/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81ceae02c94a264049c796b891c3a0dd78b3764061d583e2b91e8b098a027606/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81ceae02c94a264049c796b891c3a0dd78b3764061d583e2b91e8b098a027606/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81ceae02c94a264049c796b891c3a0dd78b3764061d583e2b91e8b098a027606/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "c6363b622b9f",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "while true;do echo dongmu;sleep 1;done"
            ],
            "Image": "centos",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "1a4940328ef1993780924a5b594ad2230fe0b4ccffd35c2bdd9abda2a1263f2f",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/1a4940328ef1",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "d58b34ef143697918d02a7287f03447d95d3906ec962308f9d5c2ae8e2e3aa80",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "ef86ab009de19abafaeb18bb1a1b9d1f8ff01d9899c46afe8c6afff82327c6b7",
                    "EndpointID": "d58b34ef143697918d02a7287f03447d95d3906ec962308f9d5c2ae8e2e3aa80",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]


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进入当前正在运行的容器
容器通常的都是后台运行的，我们要修改参数就要进入容器

  • docker exec -it 容器id 命令行：打开新的窗口，新的终端
  • docker attach c6363b622b9f：不打开新的窗口，还是原来的终端
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker exec -it c6363b622b9f /bin/bash
[root@c6363b622b9f /]#  

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从容器内部拷贝文件到主机中

  • docker cp 容器id:容器内文件路径 目的主机路径
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   6 months ago   231MB

启动容器
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z ~]# docker run -it centos /bin/bash

[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z dongmu]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
0c0ad128fbc9   centos    "/bin/bash"   3 minutes ago   Up 3 minutes             gallant_wu

进入容器
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z dongmu]# docker attach 0c0ad128fbc9
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 /]# cd home
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 home]# ls

创建文件
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 home]# touch dongmu.java
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 home]# ls
dongmu.java

退出容器
[root@0c0ad128fbc9 home]# exit
exit
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z dongmu]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED         STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
0c0ad128fbc9   centos    "/bin/bash"   5 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 seconds ago             gallant_wu

把文件从容器中拷贝到主机上
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z dongmu]# docker cp 0c0ad128fbc9:/home/dongmu.java /home/dongmu

查看拷贝的文件
[root@iZwz9hv1phm24s3jicy8x1Z dongmu]# ls
dongmu.java  jdk1.8.0_121  jdk-8u121-linux-x64.tar.gz

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这里我们是手动拷贝，后面可以通过 -v 卷 的技术实现自动同步。

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