ElasticSearch 复合搜索与过滤API_es api过滤索引

本文基于Elasticsearch7.x

全文搜索在搜索时, 会对输入的搜索文本进行分词, 然后去倒排索引中进行匹配, 只要能匹配上任意一个关键词(词项), 就可以作为结果返回.

在学习本篇博客前先了解下Elasticsearch全文搜索之基础语法API

Rest API

添加搜索实例数据

POST /blogs/_bulk
{"index": {}}
{"post_date": "2020-01-01", "title": "Quick brown rabbits", "content": "Brown rabbits are commonly seen.", "author_id": 11401}
{"index": {}}
{"post_date": "2020-01-02", "title": "Keeping pets healthy", "content": "My quick brown fox eats rabbits on a regular basis.", "author_id": 11402}
{"index": {}}
{"post_date": "2020-01-03", "title": "My dog barks", "content": "I see a lot of barking dogs on the road.", "author_id": 11403}
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bool

基础匹配API的实例都是对一个搜索文本进行匹配, 即单条件搜索. 下面我们来学习下bool多条件搜索, 即由多个搜索文本构成的复合搜索.

(1) bool语法

• must
  必须匹配, 贡献算分.
• must_not
  必须不能匹配, 贡献算分.
• should
  选择性匹配, 贡献算分.
• filter
  必须匹配, 不贡献算分.

must, must_not, should这三个条件是会用于相关度分数计算的, 而filter不会, 从而filter的性能会更好. 由以上四种搜索子句合并为一条复合搜索语句, 这就是bool搜索.

基础匹配API中讲述的match, match_phrase, dis_max, multi_match, term是基础的搜索语法, bool搜索是基于它们来实现的.

(2) 实例

a. 基础使用

GET /blogs/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "term": {
            "author_id": {
              "value": "11403"
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        {
          "range": {
            "post_date": {
              "lte": "2020-01-02"
            }
          }
        }
      ],
      "should": [
        {
          "term": {
            "title.keyword": {
              "value": "My dog barks"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "term": {
            "content
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