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参考:
单机版nacos:
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45151158/article/details/122945282
https://www.jianshu.com/p/878b600cf4b8

将本地zip包 导入配置
| 注解 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| @Api | 用在请求的类上,例如Controller,表示对类的说明 |
| @ApiModel | 用在类上,通常是实体类,表示一个返回响应数据的信息 |
| @ApiModelProperty | 用在属性上,描述响应类的属性 |
| @ApiOperation | 用在请求的方法上,说明方法的用途、作用 |
| @ApiImplicitParams | 用在请求的方法上,表示一组参数说明 |
| @ApiImplicitParam | 用在@ApiImplicitParams注解中,指定一个请求参数的各个方面 |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <artifactId>swagger-demo</artifactId> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
server:
port: 9000
package com.zhj.entity; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty; import lombok.Data; @Data @ApiModel(description = "用户实体") public class User { @ApiModelProperty(value = "主键") private int id; @ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名") private String name; @ApiModelProperty(value = "年龄") private int age; @ApiModelProperty(value = "地址") private String address; }
package com.zhj.entity;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
@ApiModel(description = "菜单实体")
public class Menu {
@ApiModelProperty(value = "主键")
private int id;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "菜单名称")
private String name;
}
package com.zhj.controller.user; import com.zhj.entity.User; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Api(tags = "用户控制器") public class UserController { @GetMapping("/getUsers") @ApiOperation(value = "查询所有用户", notes = "查询所有用户信息") public List<User> getAllUsers(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(100); user.setName("itcast"); user.setAge(20); user.setAddress("bj"); List<User> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(user); return list; } @PostMapping("/save") @ApiOperation(value = "新增用户", notes = "新增用户信息") public String save(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @PutMapping("/update") @ApiOperation(value = "修改用户", notes = "修改用户信息") public String update(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @DeleteMapping("/delete") @ApiOperation(value = "删除用户", notes = "删除用户信息") public String delete(int id){ return "OK"; } @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, type = "Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数", required = true, type = "Integer"), }) @ApiOperation(value = "分页查询用户信息") @GetMapping(value = "page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}") public String findByPage(@PathVariable Integer pageNum, @PathVariable Integer pageSize) { return "OK"; } }
package com.zhj.controller.menu; import com.zhj.entity.Menu; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/menu") @Api(tags = "菜单控制器") public class MenuController { @GetMapping("/getMenus") @ApiOperation(value = "查询所有菜单", notes = "查询所有菜单信息") public List<Menu> getMenus(){ Menu menu = new Menu(); menu.setId(100); menu.setName("itcast"); List<Menu> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(menu); return list; } @PostMapping("/save") @ApiOperation(value = "新增菜单", notes = "新增菜单信息") public String save(@RequestBody Menu menu){ return "OK"; } @PutMapping("/update") @ApiOperation(value = "修改菜单", notes = "修改菜单信息") public String update(@RequestBody Menu menu){ return "OK"; } @DeleteMapping("/delete") @ApiOperation(value = "删除菜单", notes = "删除菜单信息") public String delete(int id){ return "OK"; } @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, type = "Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数", required = true, type = "Integer"), }) @ApiOperation(value = "分页查询菜单信息") @GetMapping(value = "page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}") public String findByPage(@PathVariable Integer pageNum, @PathVariable Integer pageSize) { return "OK"; } }
package com.zhj.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.service.Contact; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerAutoConfiguration { @Bean public Docket createRestApi1() { Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()).groupName("用户接口组") .select() //为当前包路径 .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.zhj.controller.user")) .build(); return docket; } @Bean public Docket createRestApi2() { Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo()).groupName("菜单接口组") .select() //为当前包路径 .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.zhj.controller.menu")) .build(); return docket; } //构建 api文档的详细信息 private ApiInfo apiInfo() { return new ApiInfoBuilder() //页面标题 .title("API接口文档") //创建人 .contact(new Contact("黑马程序员", "http://www.itheima.com", "")) //版本号 .version("1.0") //描述 .description("API 描述") .build(); } }
package com.zhj;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SwaggerDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SwaggerDemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
执行启动类main方法启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:9000/swagger-ui.html
knife4j是为Java MVC框架集成Swagger生成Api文档的增强解决方案,前身是swagger-bootstrap-ui,取名knife4j是希望它能像一把匕首一样小巧,轻量,并且功能强悍!其底层是对Springfox的封装,使用方式也和Springfox一致,只是对接口文档UI进行了优化。
核心功能:
文档说明:根据Swagger的规范说明,详细列出接口文档的说明,包括接口地址、类型、请求示例、请求参数、响应示例、响应参数、响应码等信息,对该接口的使用情况一目了然。
在线调试:提供在线接口联调的强大功能,自动解析当前接口参数,同时包含表单验证,调用参数可返回接口响应内容、headers、响应时间、响应状态码等信息,帮助开发者在线调试。
demo
第一步:创建maven工程knife4j_demo并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId> <artifactId>knife4j_demo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.xiaoymin</groupId> <artifactId>knife4j-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步: 创建实体类User和Menu
package cn.itcast.entity; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty; import lombok.Data; @Data @ApiModel(description = "用户实体") public class User { @ApiModelProperty(value = "主键") private int id; @ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名") private String name; @ApiModelProperty(value = "年龄") private int age; @ApiModelProperty(value = "地址") private String address; }
package cn.itcast.entity;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
@ApiModel(description = "菜单实体")
public class Menu {
@ApiModelProperty(value = "主键")
private int id;
@ApiModelProperty(value = "菜单名称")
private String name;
}
第三步:创建UserController和MenuController
package cn.itcast.controller.user; import cn.itcast.entity.User; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Api(tags = "用户控制器") public class UserController { @GetMapping("/getUsers") @ApiOperation(value = "查询所有用户", notes = "查询所有用户信息") public List<User> getAllUsers(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(100); user.setName("itcast"); user.setAge(20); user.setAddress("bj"); List<User> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(user); return list; } @PostMapping("/save") @ApiOperation(value = "新增用户", notes = "新增用户信息") public String save(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @PutMapping("/update") @ApiOperation(value = "修改用户", notes = "修改用户信息") public String update(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @DeleteMapping("/delete") @ApiOperation(value = "删除用户", notes = "删除用户信息") public String delete(int id){ return "OK"; } @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, type = "Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数", required = true, type = "Integer"), }) @ApiOperation(value = "分页查询用户信息") @GetMapping(value = "page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}") public String findByPage(@PathVariable Integer pageNum, @PathVariable Integer pageSize) { return "OK"; } }
package cn.itcast.controller.menu; import cn.itcast.entity.Menu; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/menu") @Api(tags = "菜单控制器") public class MenuController { @GetMapping("/getMenus") @ApiOperation(value = "查询所有菜单", notes = "查询所有菜单信息") public List<Menu> getMenus(){ Menu menu = new Menu(); menu.setId(100); menu.setName("itcast"); List<Menu> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(menu); return list; } @PostMapping("/save") @ApiOperation(value = "新增菜单", notes = "新增菜单信息") public String save(@RequestBody Menu menu){ return "OK"; } @PutMapping("/update") @ApiOperation(value = "修改菜单", notes = "修改菜单信息") public String update(@RequestBody Menu menu){ return "OK"; } @DeleteMapping("/delete") @ApiOperation(value = "删除菜单", notes = "删除菜单信息") public String delete(int id){ return "OK"; } @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, type = "Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数", required = true, type = "Integer"), }) @ApiOperation(value = "分页查询菜单信息") @GetMapping(value = "page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}") public String findByPage(@PathVariable Integer pageNum, @PathVariable Integer pageSize) { return "OK"; } }
第四步:创建配置属性类SwaggerProperties
package cn.itcast.config; import lombok.*; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; /* *配置属性类,用于封装接口文档相关属性,从配置文件读取信息封装成当前对象 */ @Data @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "pinda.swagger") public class SwaggerProperties { private String title = "在线文档"; //标题 private String group = ""; //自定义组名 private String description = "在线文档"; //描述 private String version = "1.0"; //版本 private Contact contact = new Contact(); //联系人 private String basePackage = "com.itheima.pinda"; //swagger会解析的包路径 private List<String> basePath = new ArrayList<>(); //swagger会解析的url规则 private List<String> excludePath = new ArrayList<>();//在basePath基础上需要排除的url规则 private Map<String, DocketInfo> docket = new LinkedHashMap<>(); //分组文档 public String getGroup() { if (group == null || "".equals(group)) { return title; } return group; } @Data public static class DocketInfo { private String title = "在线文档"; //标题 private String group = ""; //自定义组名 private String description = "在线文档"; //描述 private String version = "1.0"; //版本 private Contact contact = new Contact(); //联系人 private String basePackage = ""; //swagger会解析的包路径 private List<String> basePath = new ArrayList<>(); //swagger会解析的url规则 private List<String> excludePath = new ArrayList<>();//在basePath基础上需要排除的url public String getGroup() { if (group == null || "".equals(group)) { return title; } return group; } } @Data public static class Contact { private String name = "pinda"; //联系人 private String url = ""; //联系人url private String email = ""; //联系人email } }
第五步:创建application.yml文件
server:
port: 7788
pinda:
swagger:
enabled: true #是否启用swagger
docket:
user:
title: 用户模块
base-package: cn.itcast.controller.user
menu:
title: 菜单模块
base-package: cn.itcast.controller.menu
第六步:创建配置类SwaggerAutoConfiguration
package cn.itcast.config; import com.google.common.base.Predicate; import com.google.common.base.Predicates; import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.service.Contact; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(name = "pinda.swagger.enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true) @EnableSwagger2 @EnableConfigurationProperties(SwaggerProperties.class) public class SwaggerAutoConfiguration implements BeanFactoryAware { @Autowired SwaggerProperties swaggerProperties; private BeanFactory beanFactory; @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public List<Docket> createRestApi(){ ConfigurableBeanFactory configurableBeanFactory = (ConfigurableBeanFactory) beanFactory; List<Docket> docketList = new LinkedList<>(); // 没有分组 if (swaggerProperties.getDocket().isEmpty()) { Docket docket = createDocket(swaggerProperties); configurableBeanFactory.registerSingleton(swaggerProperties.getTitle(), docket); docketList.add(docket); return docketList; } // 分组创建 for (String groupName : swaggerProperties.getDocket().keySet()){ SwaggerProperties.DocketInfo docketInfo = swaggerProperties.getDocket().get(groupName); ApiInfo apiInfo = new ApiInfoBuilder() //页面标题 .title(docketInfo.getTitle()) //创建人 .contact(new Contact(docketInfo.getContact().getName(), docketInfo.getContact().getUrl(), docketInfo.getContact().getEmail())) //版本号 .version(docketInfo.getVersion()) //描述 .description(docketInfo.getDescription()) .build(); // base-path处理 // 当没有配置任何path的时候,解析/** if (docketInfo.getBasePath().isEmpty()) { docketInfo.getBasePath().add("/**"); } List<Predicate<String>> basePath = new ArrayList<>(); for (String path : docketInfo.getBasePath()) { basePath.add(PathSelectors.ant(path)); } // exclude-path处理 List<Predicate<String>> excludePath = new ArrayList<>(); for (String path : docketInfo.getExcludePath()) { excludePath.add(PathSelectors.ant(path)); } Docket docket = new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo) .groupName(docketInfo.getGroup()) .select() //为当前包路径 .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage(docketInfo.getBasePackage())) .paths(Predicates.and(Predicates.not(Predicates.or(excludePath)),Predicates.or(basePath))) .build(); configurableBeanFactory.registerSingleton(groupName, docket); docketList.add(docket); } return docketList; } //构建 api文档的详细信息 private ApiInfo apiInfo(SwaggerProperties swaggerProperties) { return new ApiInfoBuilder() //页面标题 .title(swaggerProperties.getTitle()) //创建人 .contact(new Contact(swaggerProperties.getContact().getName(), swaggerProperties.getContact().getUrl(), swaggerProperties.getContact().getEmail())) //版本号 .version(swaggerProperties.getVersion()) //描述 .description(swaggerProperties.getDescription()) .build(); } //创建接口文档对象 private Docket createDocket(SwaggerProperties swaggerProperties) { //API 基础信息 ApiInfo apiInfo = apiInfo(swaggerProperties); // base-path处理 // 当没有配置任何path的时候,解析/** if (swaggerProperties.getBasePath().isEmpty()) { swaggerProperties.getBasePath().add("/**"); } List<Predicate<String>> basePath = new ArrayList<>(); for (String path : swaggerProperties.getBasePath()) { basePath.add(PathSelectors.ant(path)); } // exclude-path处理 List<Predicate<String>> excludePath = new ArrayList<>(); for (String path : swaggerProperties.getExcludePath()) { excludePath.add(PathSelectors.ant(path)); } return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .apiInfo(apiInfo) .groupName(swaggerProperties.getGroup()) .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage(swaggerProperties.getBasePackage())) .paths(Predicates.and(Predicates.not(Predicates.or(excludePath)),Predicates.or(basePath))) .build(); } @Override public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException { this.beanFactory = beanFactory; } }
第七步:创建启动类SwaggerDemoApplication
package cn.itcast;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SwaggerDemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SwaggerDemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
执行启动类main方法启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:7788/doc.html
server:
port: 7788
pinda:
swagger:
enabled: true #是否启用swagger
title: test模块
base-package: cn.itcast.controller
再次访问地址:http://localhost:7788/doc.html
可以看到所有的接口在一个分组中。
通过上面的入门案例我们已经完成了接口文档的相关开发,而pd-tools-swagger2模块就是使用这种方式开发的,并且按照Spring boot starter的规范在/resources/META-INF中提供spring.factories文件,内容如下:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.itheima.pinda.swagger2.SwaggerAutoConfiguration
这样我们在其他模块中如果需要使用swagger接口文档功能,只需要引入这个starter并且在application.yml中进行swagger的相关配置即可,例如:
pinda:
swagger:
enabled: true #是否启用swagger
docket:
user:
title: 用户模块
base-package: cn.itcast.controller.user
menu:
title: 菜单模块
base-package: cn.itcast.controller.menu
具体使用过程:
第一步:创建maven工程mySwaggerApp并配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>mySwaggerApp</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!--引入我们自己定义的swagger基础模块--> <dependency> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>pd-tools-swagger2</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建User实体类
package com.itheima.entity; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty; import lombok.Data; @Data @ApiModel(description = "用户实体") public class User { @ApiModelProperty(value = "主键") private int id; @ApiModelProperty(value = "姓名") private String name; @ApiModelProperty(value = "年龄") private int age; @ApiModelProperty(value = "地址") private String address; }
第三步:创建UserController
package com.itheima.controller; import com.itheima.entity.User; import io.swagger.annotations.Api; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Api(tags = "用户控制器") public class UserController { @GetMapping("/getUsers") @ApiOperation(value = "查询所有用户", notes = "查询所有用户信息") public List<User> getAllUsers(){ User user = new User(); user.setId(100); user.setName("itcast"); user.setAge(20); user.setAddress("bj"); List<User> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add(user); return list; } @PostMapping("/save") @ApiOperation(value = "新增用户", notes = "新增用户信息") public String save(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @PutMapping("/update") @ApiOperation(value = "修改用户", notes = "修改用户信息") public String update(@RequestBody User user){ return "OK"; } @DeleteMapping("/delete") @ApiOperation(value = "删除用户", notes = "删除用户信息") public String delete(int id){ return "OK"; } @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, type = "Integer"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页条数", required = true, type = "Integer"), }) @ApiOperation(value = "分页查询用户信息") @GetMapping(value = "page/{pageNum}/{pageSize}") public String findByPage(@PathVariable Integer pageNum, @PathVariable Integer pageSize) { return "OK"; } }
第四步:创建application.yml
server:
port: 8080
pinda:
swagger:
enabled: true
title: 在线接口文档
base-package: com.itheima.controller
第五步:创建启动类
package com.itheima;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MySwaggerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MySwaggerApplication.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:8080/doc.html
pd-tools-dozer模块定位为对象转换,其本质就是一个Spring Boot starter,其他模块可以直接导入此模块就可以直接完成对象转换了
Dozer是Java Bean到Java Bean映射器,它以递归方式将数据从一个对象复制到另一个对象。 dozer是用来对两个对象之间属性转换的工具,有了这个工具之后,我们将一个对象的所有属性值转给另一个对象时,就不需要再去写重复的调用set和get方法了。dozer其实是对我们熟知的beanutils的封装。
dozer的maven坐标:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.dozermapper</groupId>
<artifactId>dozer-core</artifactId>
<version>6.5.0</version>
</dependency>
为了简化使用方式,dozer还提供了starter,其maven坐标为:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.dozermapper</groupId>
<artifactId>dozer-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>6.5.0</version>
</dependency>
第一步:创建maven工程dozer_demo并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId> <artifactId>dozer_demo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.dozermapper</groupId> <artifactId>dozer-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>6.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建UserDTO和UserEntity
package com.itheima.dto;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class UserDTO {
private String userId;
private String userName;
private int userAge;
private String address;
private String birthday;
}
package com.itheima.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.util.Date;
@Data
public class UserEntity {
private String id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address;
private Date birthday;
}
第三步:在resources/dozer/目录下创建dozer的全局配置文件global.dozer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mappings xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping
http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping.xsd">
<!--
全局配置:
<date-format>表示日期格式
-->
<configuration>
<date-format>yyyy-MM-dd</date-format>
</configuration>
</mappings>
注:全局配置文件名称可以任意
第四步:在resources/dozer/目录下创建dozer的映射文件biz.dozer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mappings xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping" xsi:schemaLocation="http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping http://dozermapper.github.io/schema/bean-mapping.xsd"> <!--描述两个类中属性的对应关系,对于两个类中同名的属性可以不映射--> <mapping date-format="yyyy-MM-dd"> <class-a>com.itheima.entity.UserEntity</class-a> <class-b>com.itheima.dto.UserDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>userId</b> </field> <field> <a>name</a> <b>userName</b> </field> <field> <a>age</a> <b>userAge</b> </field> </mapping> <!-- 可以使用map-id指定映射的标识,在程序中通过此标识来确定使用当前这个映射关系 --> <mapping date-format="yyyy-MM-dd" map-id="user"> <class-a>com.itheima.entity.UserEntity</class-a> <class-b>com.itheima.dto.UserDTO</class-b> <field> <a>id</a> <b>userId</b> </field> <field> <a>name</a> <b>userName</b> </field> <field> <a>age</a> <b>userAge</b> </field> </mapping> </mappings>
注:映射文件名称可以任意
第五步:编写application.yml文件
dozer:
mappingFiles:
- classpath:dozer/global.dozer.xml
- classpath:dozer/biz.dozer.xml
第六步:编写启动类DozerApp
package com.itheima;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DozerApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DozerApp.class,args);
}
}
第七步:编写单元测试DozerTest
package cn.itcast.test; import com.github.dozermapper.core.DozerBeanMapper; import com.github.dozermapper.core.DozerBeanMapperBuilder; import com.github.dozermapper.core.Mapper; import com.github.dozermapper.core.metadata.MappingMetadata; import com.itheima.DozerApp; import com.itheima.dto.UserDTO; import com.itheima.entity.UserEntity; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(classes = DozerApp.class) public class DozerTest { @Autowired private Mapper mapper; @Test public void testDozer1(){ UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId("100"); userDTO.setUserName("itcast"); userDTO.setUserAge(20); userDTO.setAddress("bj"); userDTO.setBirthday("2010-11-20"); UserEntity user = mapper.map(userDTO, UserEntity.class); System.out.println(user); } @Test public void testDozer2(){ UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId("100"); userDTO.setUserName("itcast"); userDTO.setUserAge(20); userDTO.setAddress("bj"); userDTO.setBirthday("2010-11-20"); UserEntity user = new UserEntity(); user.setId("200"); System.out.println(user); mapper.map(userDTO,user); System.out.println(user); } @Test public void testDozer3(){ UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setUserId("100"); userDTO.setUserName("itcast"); userDTO.setUserAge(20); userDTO.setAddress("bj"); UserEntity user = new UserEntity(); System.out.println(user); mapper.map(userDTO,user,"user"); System.out.println(user); } }
在pd-tools-dozer模块中为了进一步简化操作,封装了一个工具类DozerUtils,其内部使用的就是Mapper对象进行的操作。并且按照Spring Boot starter的规范编写/resources/META-INF/spring.factories文件,内容如下:
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
com.itheima.pinda.dozer.DozerAutoConfiguration
在配置类DozerAutoConfiguration中完成DozerUtils对象的创建,这样其他的程序如果需要使用dozer进行对象转换,只需要引入这个模块的maven坐标并且提供对应的映射文件就可以在程序中直接注入DozerUtils对象进行操作了。
具体使用过程:
第一步:创建maven工程myDozerApp并配置pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>myDozerApp</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!--引入我们自己定义的dozer基础模块--> <dependency> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>pd-tools-dozer</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建UserEntity和UserDTO
package com.itheima.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class UserEntity {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private int age;
}
package com.itheima.dto;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class UserDTO {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private int age;
}
第三步:创建UserController
package com.itheima.controller; import com.itheima.dto.UserDTO; import com.itheima.entity.UserEntity; import com.itheima.pinda.dozer.DozerUtils; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") public class UserController { @Autowired private DozerUtils dozerUtils; //在pd-tools-dozer中已经完成了自动配置,可以直接注入 @GetMapping("/mapper") public UserEntity mapper(){ UserDTO userDTO = new UserDTO(); userDTO.setId(10); userDTO.setName("itcast"); userDTO.setAge(20); UserEntity userEntity = dozerUtils.map(userDTO, UserEntity.class); return userEntity; } }
第四步:创建application.yml
server:
port: 8080
第五步:创建启动类
package com.itheima;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class MyDozerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyDozerApplication.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:8080/user/mapper
注意:由于当前我们创建的UserEntity和UserDTO中的属性完全一致,所以并没有提供映射文件,如果这两个类中的属性存在不一致的情况,需要创建映射文件进行映射,并且还需要在application.yml中配置映射文件的位置,例如:
dozer:
mappingFiles:
- classpath:dozer/biz.dozer.xml #指定dozer的映射文件位置
pd-tools-validator模块定位为后端表单数据校验,其他模块可以直接引入pd-tools-validator的maven坐标就可以使用其提供的表单校验功能。pd-tools-validator底层基于hibernate-validator实现。
早期的网站,用户输入一个邮箱地址,需要将邮箱地址发送到服务端,服务端进行校验,校验成功后,给前端一个响应。
有了JavaScript后,校验工作可以放在前端去执行。那么为什么还需要服务端校验呢? 因为前端传来的数据不可信。前端很容易获取到后端的接口,如果有人直接调用接口,就可能会出现非法数据,所以服务端也要数据校验。
总的来说:
校验参数基本上是一个体力活,而且冗余代码繁多,也影响代码的可读性,我们需要一个比较优雅的方式来解决这个问题。Hibernate Validator 框架刚好解决了这个问题,可以以很优雅的方式实现参数的校验,让业务代码和校验逻辑分开,不再编写重复的校验逻辑。
hibernate-validator优势:
hibernate-validator的maven坐标:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.18.Final</version>
</dependency>
hibernate-validator提供的校验方式为在类的属性上加入相应的注解来达到校验的目的。hibernate-validator提供的用于校验的注解如下:
| 注解 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| @AssertTrue | 用于boolean字段,该字段只能为true |
| @AssertFalse | 用于boolean字段,该字段只能为false |
| @CreditCardNumber | 对信用卡号进行一个大致的验证 |
| @DecimalMax | 只能小于或等于该值 |
| @DecimalMin | 只能大于或等于该值 |
| 检查是否是一个有效的email地址 | |
| @Future | 检查该字段的日期是否是属于将来的日期 |
| @Length(min=,max=) | 检查所属的字段的长度是否在min和max之间,只能用于字符串 |
| @Max | 该字段的值只能小于或等于该值 |
| @Min | 该字段的值只能大于或等于该值 |
| @NotNull | 不能为null |
| @NotBlank | 不能为空,检查时会将空格忽略 |
| @NotEmpty | 不能为空,这里的空是指空字符串 |
| @Pattern(regex=) | 被注释的元素必须符合指定的正则表达式 |
| @URL(protocol=,host,port) | 检查是否是一个有效的URL,如果提供了protocol,host等,则该URL还需满足提供的条件 |
第一步:创建maven工程hibernate-validator_demo并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator_demo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <!-- spring-boot-starter-web中已经依赖了hibernate-validator --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>6.0.18.Final</version> </dependency> --> </dependencies> </project>
注意:spring-boot-starter-web中已经依赖了hibernate-validator,所以无需再次导入。
第二步:创建User类
package cn.itcast.entity; import lombok.Data; import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length; import javax.validation.constraints.*; @Data public class User { @NotNull(message = "用户id不能为空") private Integer id; @NotEmpty(message = "用户名不能为空") @Length(max = 50, message = "用户名长度不能超过50") private String username; @Max(value = 80,message = "年龄最大为80") @Min(value = 18,message = "年龄最小为18") private int age; @Pattern(regexp = "[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$", message = "邮箱格式不正确") private String email; }
第三步:创建UserController
package cn.itcast.controller; import cn.itcast.entity.User; import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Validated //开启校验功能 public class UserController { //简单数据类型校验 @RequestMapping("/delete") public String delete(@NotBlank(message = "id不能为空") String id){ System.out.println("delete..." + id); return "OK"; } //对象属性校验 @RequestMapping("/save") public String save(@Validated User user){ System.out.println("save..." + user); return "OK"; } }
第四步:创建application.yml
server:
port: 9100
第五步:创建启动类
package cn.itcast;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class HibernateValidatorApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HibernateValidatorApp.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:9100/user/save,通过控制台输出可以看到已经可以进行数据校验了,如下:
Field error in object 'user' on field 'age': rejected value [3]; codes [Min.user.age,Min.age,Min.int,Min]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.age,age]; arguments []; default message [age],18]; default message [年龄最小为18]]
2020-03-02 16:44:35.504 WARN 14896 --- [nio-9100-exec-3] .w.s.m.s.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolved [org.springframework.validation.BindException: org.springframework.validation.BeanPropertyBindingResult: 3 errors
Field error in object 'user' on field 'id': rejected value [null]; codes [NotNull.user.id,NotNull.id,NotNull.java.lang.Integer,NotNull]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.id,id]; arguments []; default message [id]]; default message [用户id不能为空]
Field error in object 'user' on field 'age': rejected value [0]; codes [Min.user.age,Min.age,Min.int,Min]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.age,age]; arguments []; default message [age],18]; default message [年龄最小为18]
Field error in object 'user' on field 'username': rejected value [null]; codes [NotEmpty.user.username,NotEmpty.username,NotEmpty.java.lang.String,NotEmpty]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.username,username]; arguments []; default message [username]]; default message [用户名不能为空]]
浏览器页面直接报错:
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第六步:为了能够在页面友好的显示数据校验结果,可以通过全局异常处理来解决,创建全局异常处理类
package cn.itcast.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.validation.BindException; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation; import javax.validation.ConstraintViolationException; import java.util.Set; /** * 全局异常处理 */ @ControllerAdvice(annotations = {RestController.class, Controller.class}) @ResponseBody public class ExceptionConfiguration { @ExceptionHandler({ConstraintViolationException.class,BindException.class}) public String validateException(Exception ex, HttpServletRequest request) { ex.printStackTrace(); String msg = null; if(ex instanceof ConstraintViolationException){ ConstraintViolationException constraintViolationException = (ConstraintViolationException)ex; Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = constraintViolationException.getConstraintViolations(); ConstraintViolation<?> next = violations.iterator().next(); msg = next.getMessage(); }else if(ex instanceof BindException){ BindException bindException = (BindException)ex; msg = bindException.getBindingResult().getFieldError().getDefaultMessage(); } return msg; } }
重启程序可以发现此时页面可以友好的显示校验信息了:
通过控制台的输出可以看到,校验框架将我们的多个属性都进行了数据校验(默认行为),如果我们希望只要有一个属性校验失败就直接返回提示信息,后面的属性不再进行校验了该如何实现呢?
第七步:创建ValidatorConfiguration类,指定校验时使用快速失败返回模式
package cn.itcast.config; import org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.MethodValidationPostProcessor; import javax.validation.Validation; import javax.validation.Validator; import javax.validation.ValidatorFactory; public class ValidatorConfiguration { @Bean public Validator validator() { ValidatorFactory validatorFactory = Validation.byProvider(HibernateValidator.class) .configure() //快速失败返回模式 .addProperty("hibernate.validator.fail_fast", "true") .buildValidatorFactory(); return validatorFactory.getValidator(); } /** * 开启快速返回 * 如果参数校验有异常,直接抛异常,不会进入到 controller,使用全局异常拦截进行拦截 */ @Bean public MethodValidationPostProcessor methodValidationPostProcessor() { MethodValidationPostProcessor postProcessor = new MethodValidationPostProcessor(); /**设置validator模式为快速失败返回*/ postProcessor.setValidator(validator()); return postProcessor; } }
注意:上面创建的类并不是配置类,所以到目前为止快速失败返回模式并不会生效,为了使其生效需要创建一个注解用于控制此模式的开启
第八步:创建注解EnableFormValidator用于控制快速失败返回模式的开启
package cn.itcast.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import java.lang.annotation.ElementType; import java.lang.annotation.Retention; import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy; import java.lang.annotation.Target; /** * 在启动类上添加该注解来启动表单验证功能---快速失败返回模式 */ @Target(ElementType.TYPE) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Import(ValidatorConfiguration.class) public @interface EnableFormValidator { }
第九步:在启动类上加入EnableFormValidator注解,开启快速失败返回模式
package cn.itcast;
import cn.itcast.config.EnableFormValidator;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFormValidator
public class HibernateValidatorApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HibernateValidatorApp.class,args);
}
}
通过控制台的输出可以看到,虽然我们输入的数据有多个都不符合校验规则,但是只有一个校验失败异常信息,这说明已经开启了快速失败返回模式。
pd-tools-validator的实现和我们上面的入门案例是一致的,只是没有提供全局异常处理,这是因为不同的系统对于校验结果的处理方式可能不一样,所以需要各个系统自己进行个性化的处理,而pd-tools-validator只是提供数据校验功能。
具体使用过程:
第一步:创建maven工程并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>myHibernateValidatorApp</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>pd-tools-validator</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建User类
package cn.itcast.entity; import lombok.Data; import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Length; import javax.validation.constraints.*; @Data public class User { @NotNull(message = "用户id不能为空") private Integer id; @NotEmpty(message = "用户名不能为空") @Length(max = 50, message = "用户名长度不能超过50") private String username; @Max(value = 80,message = "年龄最大为80") @Min(value = 18,message = "年龄最小为18") private int age; @Pattern(regexp = "[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+(\\.[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)+$", message = "邮箱格式不正确") private String email; }
第三步:创建UserController
package cn.itcast.controller; import cn.itcast.entity.User; import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank; @RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Validated //开启校验功能 public class UserController { //简单数据类型校验 @RequestMapping("/delete") public String delete(@NotBlank(message = "id不能为空") String id){ System.out.println("delete..." + id); return "OK"; } //对象属性校验 @RequestMapping("/save") public String save(@Validated User user){ System.out.println("save..." + user); return "OK"; } }
第四步:创建application.yml
server:
port: 9000
第五步:创建启动类
package cn.itcast;
import com.itheima.pinda.validator.config.EnableFormValidator;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFormValidator
public class MyHibernateValidatorApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MyHibernateValidatorApplication.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,访问地址:http://localhost:9000/user/save,可以看到控制台输出:
2020-03-11 16:40:30.288 WARN 17428 --- [nio-9000-exec-4] .w.s.m.s.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolved [org.springframework.validation.BindException: org.springframework.validation.BeanPropertyBindingResult: 1 errors
Field error in object 'user' on field 'age': rejected value [0]; codes [Min.user.age,Min.age,Min.int,Min]; arguments [org.springframework.context.support.DefaultMessageSourceResolvable: codes [user.age,age]; arguments []; default message [age],18]; default message [年龄最小为18]]
这说明已经开始进行输入校验了,而且根据控制台输出可以看出已经开启快速失败返回模式。
为了能够给页面一个友好的提示,也可以加入全局异常处理。
pd-tools-xss模块定位为防跨站脚本攻击(XSS),通过对用户在页面输入的 HTML / CSS / JavaScript 等内容进行检验和清理,确保输入内容符合应用规范,保障系统的安全。
XSS:跨站脚本攻击(Cross Site Scripting),为不和 CSS混淆,故将跨站脚本攻击缩写为XSS。XSS是指恶意攻击者往Web页面里插入恶意Script代码,当用户浏览该页时,嵌入其中Web里面的Script代码会被执行,从而达到恶意攻击用户的目的。有点类似于sql注入。
XSS攻击原理:
HTML是一种超文本标记语言,通过将一些字符特殊地对待来区别文本和标记,例如,小于符号(<)被看作是HTML标签的开始,
AntiSamy是OWASP的一个开源项目,通过对用户输入的 HTML / CSS / JavaScript 等内容进行检验和清理,确保输入符合应用规范。AntiSamy被广泛应用于Web服务对存储型和反射型XSS的防御中。
AntiSamy的maven坐标:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.owasp.antisamy</groupId>
<artifactId>antisamy</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7</version>
</dependency>
第一步:创建maven工程antiSamy_demo并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId> <artifactId>antiSamy_demo</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.owasp.antisamy</groupId> <artifactId>antisamy</artifactId> <version>1.5.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建application.yml
server:
port: 9000
第三步:创建策略文件/resources/antisamy-test.xml,文件内容可以从antisamy的jar包中获取
注:AntiSamy对“恶意代码”的过滤依赖于策略文件。策略文件规定了AntiSamy对各个标签、属性的处理方法,策略文件定义的严格与否,决定了AntiSamy对XSS漏洞的防御效果。在AntiSamy的jar包中,包含了几个常用的策略文件
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第四步:创建User实体类
package cn.itcast.entity;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
}
第五步:创建UserController
package cn.itcast.controller;
import cn.itcast.entity.User;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/save")
public String save(User user){
System.out.println("UserController save.... " + user);
return user.getName();
}
}
第六步:创建/resources/static/index.html页面
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="/user/save">
id:<input type="text" name="id"><br>
name:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
age:<input type="text" name="age"><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
第七步:创建启动类
package cn.itcast;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class AntiSamyApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(AntiSamyApp.class,args);
}
}
此时我们可以启动项目进行访问,但是还没有进行参数的过滤,所以如果我们输入任意参数都可以正常传递到Controller中,这在实际项目中是非常不安全的。为了对我们输入的数据进行过滤清理,需要通过过滤器来实现。
第八步:创建过滤器,用于过滤所有提交到服务器的请求参数
package cn.itcast.filter; import cn.itcast.wrapper.XssRequestWrapper; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.io.IOException; /* *过滤所有提交到服务器的请求参数 */ public class XssFilter implements Filter{ @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest)servletRequest; //传入重写后的Request filterChain.doFilter(new XssRequestWrapper(request),servletResponse); } }
注意:通过上面的过滤器可以发现我们并没有在过滤器中直接进行请求参数的过滤清理,而是直接放行了,那么我们还怎么进行请求参数的过滤清理呢?其实过滤清理的工作是在另外一个类XssRequestWrapper中进行的,当上面的过滤器放行时需要调用filterChain.doFilter()方法,此方法需要传入请求Request对象,此时我们可以将当前的request对象进行包装,而XssRequestWrapper就是Request对象的包装类,在过滤器放行时会自动调用包装类的getParameterValues方法,我们可以在包装类的getParameterValues方法中进行统一的请求参数过滤清理。
第九步:创建XssRequestWrapper类
package cn.itcast.wrapper; import org.owasp.validator.html.*; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; public class XssRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper { /* * 策略文件 需要将要使用的策略文件放到项目资源文件路径下 */ private static String antiSamyPath = XssRequestWrapper.class.getClassLoader() .getResource( "antisamy-test.xml").getFile(); public static Policy policy = null; static { // 指定策略文件 try { policy = Policy.getInstance(antiSamyPath); } catch (PolicyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * AntiSamy过滤数据 * @param taintedHTML 需要进行过滤的数据 * @return 返回过滤后的数据 * */ private String xssClean( String taintedHTML){ try{ // 使用AntiSamy进行过滤 AntiSamy antiSamy = new AntiSamy(); CleanResults cr = antiSamy.scan( taintedHTML, policy); taintedHTML = cr.getCleanHTML(); }catch( ScanException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }catch( PolicyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return taintedHTML; } public XssRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) { super(request); } @Override public String[] getParameterValues(String name){ String[] values = super.getParameterValues(name); if ( values == null){ return null; } int len = values.length; String[] newArray = new String[len]; for (int j = 0; j < len; j++){ System.out.println("Antisamy过滤清理,清理之前的参数值:" + values[j]); // 过滤清理 newArray[j] = xssClean(values[j]); System.out.println("Antisamy过滤清理,清理之后的参数值:" + newArray[j]); } return newArray; } }
第十步:为了使上面定义的过滤器生效,需要创建配置类,用于初始化过滤器对象
package cn.itcast.config; import cn.itcast.filter.XssFilter; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; @Configuration public class AntiSamyConfiguration { /** * 配置跨站攻击过滤器 */ @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean() { FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistration = new FilterRegistrationBean(new XssFilter()); filterRegistration.addUrlPatterns("/*"); filterRegistration.setOrder(1); return filterRegistration; } }
启动项目,页面输入非法数据,可以看到非法数据被清理掉了。
注意:当前我们在进行请求参数过滤时只是在包装类的getParameterValues方法中进行了处理,真实项目中可能用户提交的数据在请求头中,也可能用户提交的是json数据,所以如果考虑所有情况,我们可以在包装类中的多个方法中都进行清理处理即可,如下:
package cn.itcast.wrapper; import org.owasp.validator.html.*; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; import java.util.Map; public class XssRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper { /** * 策略文件 需要将要使用的策略文件放到项目资源文件路径下 * */ private static String antiSamyPath = XssRequestWrapper.class.getClassLoader() .getResource( "antisamy-ebay.xml").getFile(); public static Policy policy = null; static { // 指定策略文件 try { policy = Policy.getInstance(antiSamyPath); } catch (PolicyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * AntiSamy过滤数据 * @param taintedHTML 需要进行过滤的数据 * @return 返回过滤后的数据 * */ private String xssClean( String taintedHTML){ try{ // 使用AntiSamy进行过滤 AntiSamy antiSamy = new AntiSamy(); CleanResults cr = antiSamy.scan( taintedHTML, policy); taintedHTML = cr.getCleanHTML(); }catch( ScanException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }catch( PolicyException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return taintedHTML; } public XssRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request) { super(request); } @Override public String[] getParameterValues(String name){ String[] values = super.getParameterValues(name); if ( values == null){ return null; } int len = values.length; String[] newArray = new String[len]; for (int j = 0; j < len; j++){ // 过滤清理 newArray[j] = xssClean(values[j]); } return newArray; } @Override public String getParameter(String paramString) { String str = super.getParameter(paramString); if (str == null) { return null; } return xssClean(str); } @Override public String getHeader(String paramString) { String str = super.getHeader(paramString); if (str == null) { return null; } return xssClean(str); } @Override public Map<String, String[]> getParameterMap() { Map<String, String[]> requestMap = super.getParameterMap(); for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> me : requestMap.entrySet()) { String[] values = me.getValue(); for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { values[i] = xssClean(values[i]); } } return requestMap; } }
pd-tools-xss的实现和我们上面的入门案例是一致的,底层也是基于AntiSamy对输入参数进行检验和清理,确保输入符合应用规范。
为了方便使用,pd-tools-xss已经定义为了starter,其他应用只需要导入其maven坐标,不需要额外进行任何配置就可以使用。
具体使用过程:
第一步:创建maven工程并配置pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>myXssApp</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.itheima</groupId> <artifactId>pd-tools-xss</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
第二步:创建XSSController
package com.itheima.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/xss")
public class XSSController {
@GetMapping("/get")
public String get(String text){
return "处理之后的文本内容为:" + text;
}
}
第三步:创建启动类
package com.itheima;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class XssApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(XssApplication.class,args);
}
}
启动项目,
可以看到,如果输入的是普通文本则不做任何处理。如果输入的是特殊标签则被清理掉了。
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