品达通用权限系统-Day02

2.3 自定义starter

本小节我们通过自定义两个starter来加强starter的理解和应用。

2.3.1 案例一

2.3.1.1 开发starter

开发工具：Idea 2022.3.3

第一步：创建starter工程hello-spring-boot-starter并配置pom.xml文件

1） 创建starter工程：hello-spring-boot-starter

2）配置pom.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
                             http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>hello-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>
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第二步：创建配置属性类HelloProperties

package cn.itcast.config;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

/*
 *读取配置文件转换为bean
 * */
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "hello")
@EnableConfigurationProperties(value = HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloProperties {
    private String name;
    private String address;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "HelloProperties{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
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第三步：创建服务类HelloService

package cn.itcast.service;

public class HelloService {
    private String name;
    private String address;

    public HelloService(String name, String address) {
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String sayHello(){
        return "你好！我的名字叫 " + name + "，我来自 " + address;
    }
}
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第四步：创建自动配置类HelloServiceAutoConfiguration

package cn.itcast.config;

import cn.itcast.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/*
* 配置类，基于Java代码的bean配置
* */

@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {
    private HelloProperties helloProperties;

    //通过构造方法注入配置属性对象HelloProperties
    public HelloServiceAutoConfiguration(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
        this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
    }

    //实例化HelloService并载入Spring IoC容器
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public HelloService helloService(){
        return new HelloService(helloProperties.getName(),helloProperties.getAddress());
    }
}
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第五步：在resources目录下创建META-INF/spring.factories

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
  cn.itcast.config.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration
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至此starter已经开发完成了，可以将当前starter安装到本地maven仓库供其他应用来使用。

第6步：设置maven并编译安装start

1）配置maven仓库

2）安装install

编译后的jar包所在目录

2.3.1.2 使用starter

步骤列表：

第一步：创建maven工程myapp并配置pom.xml文件

1）创建maven工程myapp

2）配置maven仓库路径，如果不配置，会在pom.xml引用的时候出错（找不到hello-spring-boot-starter)

3）配置pom.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
    <artifactId>myapp</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--导入自定义starter-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId>
            <artifactId>hello-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>
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第二步：在resources下创建application.yml文件

server:
  port: 8080
hello:
  name: xiaoming
  address: beijing
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第三步：创建HelloController

package cn.itcast.controller;

import cn.itcast.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
    //HelloService在我们自定义的starter中已经完成了自动配置，所以此处可以直接注入
    @Autowired
    private HelloService helloService;

    @GetMapping("/say")
    public String sayHello(){
        return helloService.sayHello();
    }
}
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第四步：创建启动类HelloApplication

package cn.itcast;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloApplication.class,args);
    }
}
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执行启动类main方法，访问地址http://localhost:8080/hello/say

2.3.2 案例二

在前面的案例一中我们通过定义starter，自动配置了一个HelloService实例。本案例我们需要通过自动配置来创建一个拦截器对象，通过此拦截器对象来实现记录日志功能。

我们可以在案例一的基础上继续开发案例二。

2.3.2.1 开发starter

第一步：在hello-spring-boot-starter的pom.xml文件中追加如下maven坐标

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
</dependency>
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第二步：自定义MyLog注解

package cn.itcast.log;

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface MyLog {
    /**
     * 方法描述
     */
    String desc() default "";
}
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第三步：自定义日志拦截器MyLogInterceptor

package cn.itcast.log;

import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * 日志拦截器
 */
public class MyLogInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
    private static final ThreadLocal<Long> startTimeThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, 
                             Object handler) throws Exception {
        HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod)handler;
        Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();//获得被拦截的方法对象
        MyLog myLog = method.getAnnotation(MyLog.class);//获得方法上的注解
        if(myLog != null){
            //方法上加了MyLog注解，需要进行日志记录
            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            startTimeThreadLocal.set(startTime);
        }
        return true;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, 
                           Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod)handler;
        Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();//获得被拦截的方法对象
        MyLog myLog = method.getAnnotation(MyLog.class);//获得方法上的注解
        if(myLog != null){
            //方法上加了MyLog注解，需要进行日志记录
            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            Long startTime = startTimeThreadLocal.get();
            long optTime = endTime - startTime;

            String requestUri = request.getRequestURI();
            String methodName = method.getDeclaringClass().getName() + "." + 
                				method.getName();
            String methodDesc = myLog.desc();

            System.out.println("请求uri：" + requestUri);
            System.out.println("请求方法名：" + methodName);
            System.out.println("方法描述：" + methodDesc);
            System.out.println("方法执行时间：" + optTime + "ms");
        }
    }
}
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第四步：创建自动配置类MyLogAutoConfiguration，用于自动配置拦截器、参数解析器等web组件

package cn.itcast.config;

import cn.itcast.log.MyLogInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

/**
 * 配置类，用于自动配置拦截器、参数解析器等web组件
 */

@Configuration
public class MyLogAutoConfiguration implements WebMvcConfigurer{
    //注册自定义日志拦截器
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new MyLogInterceptor());
    }
}
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第五步：在spring.factories中追加MyLogAutoConfiguration配置

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
cn.itcast.config.HelloServiceAutoConfiguration,\
cn.itcast.config.MyLogAutoConfiguration
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注意：我们在hello-spring-boot-starter中追加了新的内容，需要重新打包安装到maven仓库。

2.3.2.2 使用starter

在myapp工程的Controller方法上加入@MyLog注解

package cn.itcast.controller;

import cn.itcast.log.MyLog;
import cn.itcast.service.HelloService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
    //HelloService在我们自定义的starter中已经完成了自动配置，所以此处可以直接注入
    @Autowired
    private HelloService helloService;

    @MyLog(desc = "sayHello方法") //日志记录注解
    @GetMapping("/say")
    public String sayHello(){
        return helloService.sayHello();
    }
}
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添加@MyLog如果是红色错误提醒，查看MyLog类是否是public。

访问地址：http://localhost:8080/hello/say，查看控制台输出：

请求uri：/hello/say
请求方法名：cn.itcast.controller.HelloController.sayHello
方法描述：sayHello方法
方法执行时间：36ms
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Day02 结束, 后续…