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【跟我一起学习ogg】【12.3.0.1】第一节 4 为Oracle数据库安装经典Oracle GoldenGate_keycols把所有列都加上ogg

作者：pgrmghi | 2024-01-31 17:27:17

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keycols把所有列都加上ogg

4 为Oracle数据库安装经典Oracle GoldenGate

本章包括了第一次为Oracle数据库安装Oracle GoldenGate Classic architecture的说明。安装Oracle GoldenGate将安装运行和管理处理所需的所有组件(不包括其他供应商所需的任何组件，如驱动程序或库)，并安装Oracle GoldenGate实用程序。

Topics:

Parent topic: Installing the Oracle GoldenGate Classic Architecture

4.1设置ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID

确保将ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID系统环境变量设置为正确的Oracle实例。Oracle GoldenGate进程在连接到数据库时引用它们

Specifying Oracle Variables on UNIX and Linux Systems

Specifying Oracle Variables on Windows Systems

Parent topic: Installing Classic Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.1.1 在UNIX和Linux系统上指定Oracle变量

如果系统上有一个Oracle数据库实例，则在系统级设置ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID环境变量。如果不能以这种方式设置它们，请在将连接到实例的每个提取和副本组的参数文件中使用以下SETENV语句。SETENV参数覆盖系统设置，并允许Oracle GoldenGate进程在连接到数据库时在会话级别设置变量。

SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = path_to_Oracle_home_location)

SETENV (ORACLE_SID = SID)

如果系统上有多个Oracle实例，其中Extract和Replicat进程连接到它们，则必须在每个进程组的参数文件中使用SETENV语句。作为SETENV参数的输入，使用ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID环境变量将Oracle GoldenGate指向正确的Oracle实例。例如，下面的参数文件摘录显示了两个提取组，每个组从不同的Oracle实例捕获。

Group 1:

EXTRACT edbaa
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/home/oracle/ora/product")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "oraa")
USERIDALIAS tiger1
RMTHOST sysb
RMTTRAIL /home/ggs/dirdat/rt
TABLE hr.emp;
TABLE hr.salary;

Group 2:

EXTRACT orab
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/home/oracle/ora/product")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "orab")
USERIDALIAS tiger1
RMTHOST sysb
RMTTRAIL /home/ggs/dirdat/st
TABLE fin.sales;
TABLE fin.cust;

Parent topic: Setting ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID

4.1.2 在Windows系统上指定Oracle变量

如果系统上有一个Oracle实例，ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID的注册表设置对于Oracle GoldenGate应该足够了。如果注册表中的这些设置不正确，并且无法更改，则可以按照以下方式设置覆盖.

在“桌面”或“开始”菜单上，右键单击“我的计算机”，然后选择“属性”。
在Properties中，单击Advanced选项卡。
点击环境变量。
在系统变量下，单击New。
对于变量名，输入ORACLE_HOME。
对于变量值，输入Oracle二进制文件的路径。
单击OK。
再次单击New。
对于变量名，输入ORACLE_SID。
对于变量值，输入实例名。
单击OK。

如果系统上有多个Oracle实例，其中的Extract和Replicat进程连接到这些实例，请使用以下步骤:

使用前面的过程(系统上的单个Oracle实例)将ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID系统变量设置为第一个Oracle实例。
启动所有将连接到该实例的Oracle GoldenGate进程。
编辑现有的ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID变量来指定新信息。，然后为下一个Oracle实例重复该过程。
启动将连接到该实例的Oracle GoldenGate进程。
对其余的Oracle实例重复编辑和启动过程。

Parent topic: Setting ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID

4.2 Database Requirements

本节包含特定于Oracle数据库的Oracle GoldenGate需求。除非明确说明，否则这两个捕获模式都适用。

Classic Extract默认捕获所有列。这些行为不会影响like to like复制。但是，如果复制到数据仓库，则可能必须更新所有列。如果您正在使用DBMS_LOB。LOADFROMFILE过程只更新一个LOB列，所有列上都有您的补充日志，Integrated Extract捕获关键列，LOB提高了性能。

如果您要从经典提取转换为集成提取，您必须使用以下参数之一，以确保提取操作正确:
使用KEYCOLS添加所有列(LOB除外)。
使用LOGALLSUPCOLS来控制补充日志列的写入。
确保您的数据库启用了最少的辅助日志记录。
Database user privileges and configuration requirements are explained in Establishing Oracle GoldenGate Credentials in Using Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database.
如果将数据库配置为使用bequeath连接, the sqlnet.ora file must contain the bequeath_detach=true setting.
Oracle Databases must be in ARCHIVELOG mode so that Extract can process the log files.

Parent topic: Installing Classic Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.3 为Oracle数据库安装Oracle GoldenGate

Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle数据库是从Oracle Universal Installer (OUI)安装的。OUI是一个图形安装程序，提示您输入安装Oracle GoldenGate二进制文件和工作文件所需的信息。它还设置了Oracle GoldenGate将在其中操作的正确数据库环境。

您可以在OUI和Oracle GoldenGate支持的任何Linux、UNIX和Windows平台上使用OUI

在任何给定的Oracle home中，只能为一个主要的Oracle数据库版本安装Oracle GoldenGate实例。例如，如果您有Oracle数据库11.2和12.1，则必须分别安装Oracle GoldenGate。这不适用于同一主要版本中的数据补丁级别。您可以在同一主机上为相同或不同的数据库版本安装多个Oracle GoldenGate实例。

安装程序用与所选数据库相关联的中央目录注册Oracle GoldenGate主目录。库存存储关于安装在主机上的所有Oracle软件产品的信息，前提是该产品是使用OUI安装的。

Copy the Oracle GoldenGate installation file to the system and directory where you want to install Oracle GoldenGate, and then extract it
Install using one of these installation methods:
From this directory, run the GGSCI program, ggsci.exe. For Linux and UNIX, open a command shell to run ggsci.sh.

For Windows, it may be necessary to run ggsci.exe as an Administrator based on the systems User Account Control settings. Right-click the executable file then select Run as administrator.

Note:

The path cannot contain any spaces.
In GGSCI, issue the following command to create the Oracle GoldenGate working directories.
```
CREATE SUBDIRS
```

Parent topic: Installing Classic Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.3.1 与OUI执行交互式安装

交互式安装提供一个图形用户界面，提示用户输入所需的安装信息。这些说明适用于新安装和升级。但是，要执行对Oracle GoldenGate的升级，请遵循升级Oracle GoldenGate的说明，其中包括在适当的时候运行OUI的提示。

Expand the installation file.
From the expanded directory, run the runInstaller program on UNIX or Linux, or run setup.exe on Windows.
On the Select Installation Option page, select the Oracle GoldenGate version to install, and then click Next to continue.
On the Specify Installation Details page, specify the following:
- For Software Location, specify the Oracle GoldenGate installation directory. It can be a new or existing directory that is empty and has the amount of disk space shown on the screen or in the existing Oracle GoldenGate installation location (if you are upgrading an existing Oracle GoldenGate installation). The default location is under the installing user's home directory, but Oracle recommends changing it to a local directory that is not mounted and has no quotas. The specified directory cannot be a registered home in the Oracle central inventory. If installing in a cluster, install Oracle GoldenGate on local storage on each node in the cluster to provide high availability options for upgrading and software patching. See Installing Oracle GoldenGate Within a Cluster for more information about installing Oracle GoldenGate in a cluster.
- (Optional) Select Start Manager to perform configuration functions, such as creating the Oracle GoldenGate subdirectories in the installation location, setting library paths, and starting Manager on the specified port number. To proceed, a database must exist on the system. When Start Manager is selected, the Database Location and Manager Port fields are displayed.
  - For Database Location, the database version in the specified location must be Oracle Database 12c if you are installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database 12c or Oracle Database 11g if you are installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database11g. The database must have a registered home in the Oracle central inventory. The installer registers the Oracle GoldenGate home directory with the central inventory.
  - For Manager Port, accept the default port number or enter a different unreserved, unrestricted port number for the Manager process to use for interprocess communication. The default port is the first available one starting with 7809. If you are installing multiple instances of Oracle GoldenGate on the same system, each must use a different port number.
- Click Next to continue. If this is an upgrade to an existing Oracle GoldenGate installation, OUI prompts that the selected software location has files or directories. Click Yes.
The Create Inventory page is displayed if this is the first Oracle product to be installed from OUI on a host that does not have a central inventory.
- For Inventory Directory, specify a directory for the central inventory. It can be a new directory or an existing directory that is empty and has the amount of disk space shown on the screen. The directory cannot be on a shared drive.
- Select an operating system group in which the members have write permission to the inventory directory. This group is used to add inventory information to the Oracle GoldenGate subfolder.
On the Summary page, confirm that there is enough space for the installation and that the installation selections are correct. Optionally, click Save Response File to save the installation information to a response file. You can run the installer from the command line with this file as input to duplicate the results of a successful installation on other systems. You can edit this file or create a new one from a template. See Performing a Silent Installation with OUI.
Click Install to begin the installation or Back to go back and change any input specifications. When upgrading an existing Oracle GoldenGate installation, OUI notifies you that the software location has files or directories. Click Yes to continue. You are notified when the installation is finished.
If you created a central inventory directory, you are prompted to run the INVENTORY_LOCATION/orainstRoot.sh script. This script must be executed as the root operating system user. This script establishes the inventory data and creates subdirectories for Oracle GoldenGate.

Parent topic: Installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.3.2 使用OUI执行静默安装

这些说明适用于新安装和升级。但是，要执行对Oracle GoldenGate的升级，请遵循升级Oracle GoldenGate概述中的说明，其中包括在适当的时候运行OUI的提示。
如果系统没有X-Windows界面，您可以从命令控制台执行静默安装，或者执行自动安装。静默安装可以确保组织中的多个用户在安装Oracle产品时使用相同的安装选项。

通过运行响应文件执行静默安装。您可以通过在交互式OUI会话期间选择Save response file选项或编辑模板来创建响应文件，如例4-1所示。要运行响应文件，发出以下命令。

-silent -nowait -responseFile absolute_path_to_response_file

The response files and the template are stored in the response subdirectory of the Oracle GoldenGate installation directory. The Oracle GoldenGate response file contains a standard set of Oracle configuration parameters in addition to parameters that are specific to Oracle GoldenGate. These parameters correspond to the fields in the interactive session.

Note:

If you are upgrading an existing Oracle GoldenGate installation with the silent option, you might get the following warning:

WARNING:OUI-10030:You have specified a non-empty directory to install this product. It is recommended to specify either an empty or a non-existent directory.
You may, however, choose to ignore this message if the directory contains Operating System generated files or subdirectories like lost+found. Do you want to proceed with installation in this Oracle Home?

Press ENTER to continue.

Example 4-1 Oracle GoldenGate Response File Template

####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 2018. All rights reserved.     ##
##                                                                ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize     ##
## your installation.                                             ##
##                                                                ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment        ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate        ##
## values.                                                        ##
##                                                                ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file should be secured to have read       ##
## permission only by the oracle user or an administrator who     ##
## own this installation to protect any sensitive input values.   ##
##                                                                ##
####################################################################

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value. 
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_ogginstall_response_schema_v12_1_2


################################################################################
##                                                                            ##
## Oracle GoldenGate installation option and details                          ##
##                                                                            ##
################################################################################

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# Specify ORA12c for installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database 12c or
#         ORA11g for installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database 11g 
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INSTALL_OPTION=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify a location to install Oracle GoldenGate
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOFTWARE_LOCATION=

################################################################################
##                                                                            ##
## Specify details to Create inventory for Oracle installs                    ##
## Required only for the first Oracle product install on a system.            ##
##                                                                            ##
################################################################################

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the install inventory files.
# This is an optional parameter if installing on
# Windows based Operating System.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.  
# This parameter is not applicable if installing on
# Windows based Operating System.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=

Parent topic: Installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.3.3 为Windows指定自定义管理器名称

如果您计划将管理器进程安装为Windows服务，并且下列任一项为真，则必须为管理器服务指定自定义名称:

You are installing the Manager as a Windows service and want to use a service name other then the default, which is GGSMGR.
You want to have multiple Manager processes running as Windows services on this system. Each Manager service on a system must have a unique name.

Specify a custom Manager service name:

From the Oracle GoldenGate installation directory, run ggsci.exe from the Oracle GoldenGate directory.
Issue the following command.
```
EDIT PARAMS ./GLOBALS
```
Note:

The ./ portion of this command must be used, because the GLOBALS file must reside at the root of the Oracle GoldenGate installation file.
In the file, add the following line, where name is a unique, one-word name for the Manager service.
```
MGRSERVNAME name
```
Save the file. The file is saved automatically with the name GLOBALS, but without a file extension. Do not move this file because it is used during installation of the Windows service and during data processing.

Parent topic: Installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

4.3.4 将Manager安装为Windows服务

：默认情况下，Manager不是作为服务安装的，可以由本地或域帐户运行。但是，当以这种方式运行时，当用户注销时，Manager将停止。在将Manager安装为服务时，可以独立于用户连接操作它，还可以将其配置为手动启动或在系统启动时启动。

Installing Manager as a service is required on a Windows Cluster, but optional otherwise.

To install Manager as a Windows service:

(Recommended) Log on as the system administrator.
Click Start, then Run, and then type cmd in the Run dialog box.

Go to the directory that contains the Manager program that you are installing as a service, then run the INSTALL utility with the following syntax:

install option [...]

Where option is one of the following:

Table 4-1 INSTALL Utility Options

Option	Description
`ADDEVENTS`	Adds Oracle GoldenGate events to the Windows Event Manager.
`ADDSERVICE`	Adds Manager as a service with the name that is specified with the `MGRSERVNAME` parameter in the `GLOBALS` file, if one exists, or the `GGSMGR`default. The `ADDSERVICE` configures the service to run as the Local System account, the standard for most Windows applications because the service can be run independently of user logins and password changes. To run Manager as a specific account, use the `USER` and `PASSWORD` options.Foot 1 The service is installed to start at system boot time (see `AUTOSTART`). To start it after installation, either reboot the system or start the service manually from the Services applet in the Control Panel.
`AUTOSTART`	Sets the service that is created with `ADDSERVICE` to start at system boot time. This is the default unless `MANUALSTART` is used.
`MANUALSTART`	Sets the service that is created with `ADDSERVICE` to start manually through GGSCI, a script, or the Services applet in the Control Panel. The default is `AUTOSTART`.
`USER` `name`	Specifies a domain user account that executes Manager. For the `name`, include the domain name, a backward slash, and the user name, for example `HEADQT\GGSMGR` . By default, the Manager service is installed to use the Local System account.
`PASSWORD` `password`	Specifies the password for the user that is specified with `USER`.

Footnote 1

A user account can be changed by selecting the Properties action from the Services applet of the Windows Control Panel.

If Windows User Account Control (UAC) is enabled, you are prompted to allow or deny the program access to the computer. Select Allow to enable the INSTALL utility to run.

The INSTALL utility installs the Manager service with a local system account running with administrator privileges. No further UAC prompts will be encountered when running Manager if installed as a service.

Note:

如果Manager不是作为服务安装的，Oracle GoldenGate用户在从GGSCI命令提示符启动时将收到一个UAC提示符来确认Manager权限的提升。运行其他Oracle GoldenGate程序也会返回一个提示符。

Parent topic: Installing Oracle GoldenGate for Oracle Database

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